Fluid Volume Deficit related to Dengue Fever

Fluid Volume Deficit

Decreased intravascular, interstitial, and/or intracellular fluid (refers to dehydration, water loss alone without change in sodium level)

Defining Characteristics:

• Decreased urine output;
• increased urine concentration;
• weakness;
• sudden weight loss (except in third-spacing);
• decreased venous filling;
• increased body temperature;
• decreased pulse volume/pressure;
• change in mental state;
• elevated hematocrit;
• decreased skin/tongue turgor;
• dry skin/mucous membranes;
• thirst;
• increased pulse rate;
• decreased blood pressure

Dengue Fever

Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of viruses that are transmitted by mosquitoes.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a specific syndrome that tends to affect children under 10 years of age. It causes abdominal pain, hemorrhage (bleeding), and circulatory collapse (shock).

Signs and symptoms of dengue fever most commonly include:

• Fever, up to 106 F (41 C)
• Headaches
• Muscle, bone and joint pain
• Pain behind your eyes

You might also experience:

• Widespread rash
• Nausea and vomiting
• Minor bleeding from your gums or nose

Nursing Diagnosis for Dengue Fever

Fluid Volume Deficit related to active fluid loss

Goal:

• Fluid requirements are met, with the result criteria: no sunken eyes, mucous membranes moist, good skin turgor

Outcomes:

• Good skin turgor, dry skin, mucous membranes moist

Interventions:

1) Observation vital signs at least every three hours.
Rationale: Decrease in blood circulation may occur from increased fluid loss resulting in hypotension and tachycardia.

2) Observation and cata intake and output.
Rationale: Shows the status of the circulating volume, the / repair fluid displacement, and response to therapy.

3) Measure the weight.
Rationale: Measuring the adequacy of fluid replacement according kidney function.

4) Monitor intravenous fluids every hour.
Rationale: Maintaining the balance of fluid / electrolyte.

Hyperthermia related to Dengue Fever

Hyperthermia is defined as a temperature greater than 37.5–38.3 °C (100–101 °F), depending on the reference used, that occurs without a change in the body's temperature set point.

The normal human body temperature in health can be as high as 37.7 °C (99.9 °F) in the late afternoon. Hyperthermia requires an elevation from the temperature that would otherwise be expected. Such elevations range from mild to extreme; body temperatures above 40 °C (104 °F) can be life threatening.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a severe, potentially deadly infection spread by mosquitos, mainly the species Aedes aegypti.

Early symptoms include:

• Decreased appetite
• Fever
• Headache
• Joint or muscle aches
• Malaise
• Vomiting

Nursing Diagnosis for Dengue Fever : Hyperthermia related to increase the rate of metabolism

Defining characteristics :

• Convulsions
• Skin redness
• Increased body temperature above the normal range
• Seizures
• Tachycardia
• Tachypnea
• Skin feels warm

Goals:

• Maintain normal body temperature with the expected outcomes: body temperature from 35.50 to 37.00 c

Outcomes:

• Body temperature between 36-370 c,
• mucous membranes moist,
• muscle pain disappeared

Interventions:
1) Measure vital signs (temperature)
Rationale: Temperature 38.90 C-41, 10c, shows an acute infectious disease process

2) Give warm compresses
Rational: Warm compresses will happen conduction heat transfer

3) Increase fluid intake
Rational: To replace fluids lost due to evaporation